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L. P. VALIQUET. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

NG. 510,214,l Patented Dec. 5, 1893.

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(No Model.) A 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. L. P. VALIQUET. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 510,214. Patented 13450.5. 1893.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS l. VAlqiQlfE'l, OFNEW YORK, N. Y., ASSGNOR, BY BESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO THE AMERICAN TYPEWRITER COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

TYPE-VVRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters liPatent No. 510,214, dated December 1893. K Application tiled March 31, 1892. SerlalNo.427,150. (No model.) 4

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIsA l. VALIQUE'I, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of f New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented eer- :l their normal positions.

tain new and useful Improvements in 'l`ype.

\Vriting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates more particularly to small, portable, low-priced typewriters, and has for its main object to provide a construction of machine of this description which may not only be economically made, but which is also durable and capable of performing rst--class wor-k, and to these ends and objects mv invention consists in the various'ieatures ot construction and combinations of devices hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out in the appeided claims.

In tnc accompanying drawings, Figure l is a top plan view of a type writing machine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation looking from the left hand side. Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken at the line lU, 'u of Fig. 1 with the parts in their normal positions. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken at the line le, to of Fig. LL with they parts in Fig. (5 is a vertical section, similar to Fig. ,but omitting some of the parts thercat, and exhibitingthe feeding, locking and printing mechanisms in their working positons. Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 5,'sl1owing the spacing and locking mechanisms in their working positions. Fig. S is a dctziil view, partly in section, of the feeding de'vices. Fig. 9 is a detail view of the driving-pawl and dog-carrying lever separated, and Fig. l0 is a detail view of the parts shown at Fig 9 assembled together.

Y In the-several views the same part will be found designated bythe samenumeral of reference. t

1 designates the bed or base-plate, which may be of any desired .si/.e or design, that shown being preferred, however. At the rear of the'base-plate is provided a series of lugs 2, which lugs are arranged in pairs opposite eaeli other, and form a guide-way or straight path yof travel for the paper-earriage- 'lhe latter consists preferably of a comparatively wide bar 3, of a thickness about equal to the height of said lugs and provided at its front edge with a series of notches or cut-aways 4 55 formed with parallel sides and rounded bases and constituting a'feed-raek. At each end of said bar is provided a support; which; sustains a feed-roller G, preferably' "rubbe covered, and a platen or impression-bar 7.

Secured upon the upper side of he rak' bar 3 is a bent metallic support Swhich at,v its upper end is curved relatively to tlhe\\ roller to form an arc-shaped paper-guida r ldelleetor and a pressure-plate 9, which isa. `k

ranged eceentrieally of the center of the feed roller. The axle of the fced-rvollei-,is png. vided with a knob or hand wheel 10, by which the roller may be rotated and the paper fed in line-space direction, and said knob 7o or hand wheel is formed or provided with a series of depressions ll. arranged inlinespaee distance apart, into which is adapted to take a hold-fast dog. 2 formed at the end f of a plate secured by a screw lb to the right '75 hand standard. 'lhe device 9 at its lower rearend where it joins the bent plate 8,stands away from the surface of the feed-roller and forms therewith a mouth for the ,ready introduction of the paper from the rearof the ma- 8o chine. From this point the said device 9 gradually approaches the periphery of the feedroller until at its upper forward edge it runs oI. bears in contact therewith, in order to afford a positive t'eed foi-.the papel-when intro- 85 duced. Inasmuch as the upper forward edge of the device 9 terminates concentrically with thc surface of th'efeed-roller, it has a tendency to guide or deflect the papel' rearwardly. in the direction of rotation of the feed-roller, 9o but this is overcome by having the upperportion of tbefeed-roller .revolve in a circular groove 1t on the under side 'of the platen or impression-bar 7, and by lieveling or slightly chamfering the lower front portion or edge of 95 the latter, as seen at 15, adjacent to the upper end ot' the devieef), whereby when the edge of the. paper to be printedI is fed past the upper edge of the device 9, it is deflected or turned upwardly by said beveled or ehamtoc fered edge 15 and caused to ascend in a vertical path along the vert-ical face lfi'of the bar 7 and between it and a shield-plate 17, which at its lower end is secured to the bottom of an upright orstandard 1S preferably cast integral with thebasc-platc and centrally thereof widthwise.

The paper-carriage is prevented from rising at its front side by reason of the facuthat the front portion of the rack-bar slides ih anunder-cut or groove i9 formed at the-bottom of the upright or standard, and is' prevented from rising at its rear side by means of an overlapping plate or finger 20, detachably connected to the base-plato by a screw 21.

The paper-carriage is adapted to be fed stepby-step toward the left by means of a tlriviug-pawl 22, which is pivoted to a lever 23 that is fulcrumed at 24 upon the base-plate. The said lever is also provided with an integral tooth er dog 25 ar1'an; ,fcd substantially at right angles to saidflevcr, and adapted to engage with theteethof the rack-harto restrain the driving-pawl from feeding the paper-carriage more than one notch, tooth or letterspace at a time, as will hereinafter more fully appear. le the free end of thc lever 23, at which thedriving-pawl is pivoted,is also pivotally-eennected the rear forked end of a sliding rod 2G, upon which is mounted a coiled spring` 27, the rear free end of which bears against both the driving-pawl and the lever.

23, on opposite sides of the common pivot 2S,

and which at its front end. bears against a lugr4 il) flmC-d un the lmnvlfiatc.

Tim sui'd lug in slotted to permit of the passage therethrough of the said sliding rod 2G, which at its free end is bent laterally and connected to a spacing lever er key 30 pivoted at 3l in downward extensions of the base-plate. lly depressing said spacing-lever or key, the said rod 2G is adapted to be drawn forwardly, compress its spring, vibrate the lever 23 and withdraw both the driving-pawl and the lockingdog from engagement with the teeth ornotches of the feed-rack, thc arrangement being such that the moment the driving-pawl is freed 'from 'engagement with its tooth or notch, the

spring 27 operates to vibrate said pawl about its pivot and threw its drivingicnd one notch or tooth to thcI right, as indicated at Fig. 7, so that upon rcleasement of-thc said spacing-lever or key, the said pawl will engage with the next succeeding tooth ornotcho'f the rack,and 4by the distention ot` the spring 27 act to force or drive the feed-rack and the paper-carriage one notch orlcter-space toward the left. At the sametimcthcspring 27 opcratestoalso vibrate thelevcr 23 about its pivotandcauscthedog 25 thereon to engage with another tooth or notch of the fced-rack,1and thus prevent the driving-pawl from feeding the carriage more than one notch at a time. The construction and .operation are such that the driving-pawlaets on the left hand side of a notch in a direction toward the left, and the locking-dogacts on the right hand side of another notch toward the righlor in substantially a direction .Opposite to that of the driving-pand. 'lhc driving-pawl and the locking dog are relatively so arranged that immediately thcpawl has moved the carriage a. letter-space distance, the dog comes into engagement to cffectuall y prevent any overthrow or extra movement of the carriage, due to sudden action or momentum of the feed. 'lhennright or standard 1S is split or cut away vertically from its top t0 near its bottom, at 32, and through this ent-away the dog is arranged to work.

The type 33 are preferably made of soft rubber, and are molded upon er formed integral with a soft rubber or yielding support 34, which latter at or near its lower cdge'is secured to a vertically-arrangcd segmental metallic plate or support 35, which at its ends is secured by screws 36 to arms 37l extending from a hub or bearing 3S. The rubber typesupport or band 34 is connected tothe segmental plate 35 in such a manner that the type stand well above the upper edge of said plate, and said type-support is preferably attached to said segmental plate by clamping its lower portion between the, outer surface of said plate and the inner surface of a segmental metallic strip 39 of a length equal to that of the segmental plate, a series of small screws 40 passing forwardly through holes in said plate and coinciding yholes lin the rubber support and entering threaded holes in the outer clamping strip 39. '.lhe said hub or bearing oo is nidunwd upon agitan-:Ml .n.171 we 4l having a shoulder 42, andsecurcd to the base-plate by a washer 43 and a screw 44. The screw passes through aslot 45 in the basc- Aplate, which enables t-hejeurnal orpivot and parts carried thereby to be properly adjusted to effect the best results in the printing. ly moving the pivot back or forth, the type are brought nearer 4to or farther from the platen, as may bc necessary. l

The upper end of thel pivot or journal is threaded to receive a threaded nut 46, which clamps upon the bearing or hub the outer end of an indicator or pointer 47, the said *outer end having a largo perforation centrally to Iitover the upper end'of the journal, and having also two diametrically opposite Smaller perforations tov fit over two small pins 48 projecting upwardly from thc hub, in order toprevent the said indicator or pointer from having any motion independent of the said hub or bearing. J l

The indicator is preferably spear-shaped at its outer end and is formed with a cup or depression 49 to receive thcvnger of the operator and facilitate the vibration of the indicator and the oscillation ofthe type.

as indicated In front of the feed-rack and ucar each side of the base-plate 'are provided` two posts 50, which support a top-plate 51 that .bears the keyboard or index-plate 52. 'lhe Said topplate is preferably formed with a segmental depression 53 adapted to receive the index which is correspondingly shaped and printed on paper or card hoard and preferably covered with a piece of glass, celluloid, or other transparent medium 54. VThe top-plate is provided with a sunken portion '55 between the journal and the index to form a rest for the hand, and also to facilitate the movement of the hand during the swinging or vibration of the indicator, which as shown is arranged to overlie the top-plate. Upon each of said posts is secured by screws 56, an arm or bracket 57 which at its free end supports an inking-roller or equivalent device 58 'adapted to impart inl( to the type.

By swinging the indicator any of the type may be brought to the impression or printing point. impressions on the paper by the following means: Pivoted at 59 in theuprightor standard 18 is a vertically-arranged plate,60 which works in the slot 32, and which at its upper end is provided with a type-presser 6l. At 62 is pivoted or loosely connected the rear end of a printing lever 6 3 which is fulcrumed at 64 in a post 65'on the base-plate, and which terminates at its outer end onthe left hand side o f lthe machine preferably, in a lingerpiece 66. To said plate is pivot'ed at 67 an arm 68 which extends forwardly and downwardly and terminates in afork 69 which embraces the sliding rod 26 and stands against a stop or projection 70 on said rod.v By this construction and arrangement when the iinger-piece 66 of the printing lever is depressed the plate 60 is turned about its pivot as a lever, and the type-presser is caused to move rearwardly and the arm 68 forwardly, these devices being on opposite sides of the pivot of said plate, with the result that the typepresser acts to force the type behind which it plays, through an opening 7l in the shield, and cause its face to leave an impression upon the paper, and simultaneously the arm, by its forward movement, operates to push the spring-actuated rod 26 forwardly and cause the driving-pawl and locking-dog to both disengage from the feed-rack. Upon releasing the printing lever, the spring 27 opcrates to return it, the plate 60, and the pawl and dog to their normal positions, the pawl at the same time acting to feed the carriage one letter-space, and the dog to limit the feed. The said plat-e 60 is provided with a nose or projection 72, between its pivot and the type-presser, which is adapted to enter any onev of a series ot' openings 73 formed in the segmental-plate below the type band. Each` of said openings is arranged directly under and in line withone ot' the type, with the center of the opening coincident with the center of the type, and by this arrangement the nosel or projection is adapted to lock the segment and body ot' type securely in position during the printing movement, and thus insure absolutely accurate spacing between letters or words.

At Fig. 6 thetype-presserisfshown as having forced the type to the platen, the rubber band or support yielding to permit of the The type are caused to make their.

same; the nose or projection is shown as locked, with the perforated type segment to v hold the same against lateral movement; and

the carriage feed and locking devices areV kshown as retracted ready to advance the carpose of obtaining characters of a size consid. v

erably larger than that of the types themselves, in order thatkthe operator may more readily operate the machine without unduly tiring the eyes. From the center of each char,-

acter on the back row extends rearwardly aV short radial line 74, and from the center ofv each character on the front row extends rearwardly a longer radial line 75, the characters in both said rows being arranged to alternate so that each character of the lower row stands in a line midway between two characters on the upper row, and the two series of radial lines being so arranged that beyond the rear row of characters they lie side-by-side at equal distances apart and corresponding to the distance apart from center to center of the types.

From what has already been said the operation of the machine will be readily understood, but I shall add the following brief description thereof: If it be desired to write the word The, the linger may be placed in the cup or depression 49 and theindicator swung ltoward the right (Fig. 1) until the pointer registers with the longer radial line extending to the capital letter T. By this movement it will'be understood that the capital type T is brought to the printing point, the type being of course arranged relatively to the arrangement of the characters on the index. The printing lever is now depressed at its outer end, the plate 60 is vibrated, the nose or projection 72 caused to enter the opening directly beneath the type T, the type presser 6l caused to press or force the capital T type through the opening in the shield against the paper, and the drivingpawl and locking-dog caused to withdraw from the rack-bar through the movements of the arm 68 and rod 26. Upon releasing the printing lever the parts all return to their first positions, and the carriageis moved a letter-space distance by the dr'Lving-pawl. The indicator is then again swung farther to the right until the pointer thereon registers with the short line radiating from the lower case l1 to bring that type to the printing point. The printinglever is again depressed at its outer end, and the actions of the printing, locking and feeding devices are repeated. The indicator is then swung toward the left until the pointer registers with thelonger line radiating from the lower case e to bring that type to the printing point and the printing lever is again depressed as before. It is intended that the right hand shall operate the indicator to bring the type to printing position, and that the left hand shall actuate the printing lever to effect the impression,locking, and feeding. To space between words, the space-key or lever 30 is actuated, While the indicator and printing lever remain at rest. The printing lever may be provided with a spring, as shown at 76. The shield operates to prevent the type-presser from printing either ot' the adjacent type simultaneously with that one it is desired to print. The soft rubber, yielding, elastic support permits the type-presser to readily and squarely present the type to the paper, and upon recession of the type-presser to return the type by reason of its inherent resiliency. The type-presser is purely what its name indicates. It operates simply to effect impressions by pressure instead of a blow. To return the carriage for the beginning of a new line, the spacekey is depressed which releases the drivingpawl and locking dog.

What I claim as new, and desire io secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a type writing n1acl1ine,the combination with a paper-carriage having a rack-bar, of a lever having a rigid locking dog, a driving pawl attached to the free end of said lever, a sliding rod pivoted to said level', and a spring pressing against both said lever and said driving-pawl.

2. In a type writing machine, the combination with a paper-carriage having a rack-bar, a lever, a driving-pawl pivoted to the free end of said lever, a sliding rod pivoted to said lever, and a coiled spring on said rod pressing at one end against the said lever and also against said driving-pawl, whereby when said rod is retracted the said spring operates to vibrate said driving-pawl, and when said rod is released the said spring operates to vibrate said lever toward said rack and cause the driving-pawl to engage a notch thereof and simultaneously vibrate about its pivot and push or drive the carriage a letter-space distance.

3. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a rack bar, the lever 23 arranged substantially parallel with said rack-bar, the driving pawl 22 pivoted to the free end of said lever, the rigid dog 25 made integral with said lever and arranged between said driving pawl and the pivot of the lever, the said pawl and the said dog being arranged to simultaneously engage with and be retracted from said rack, a spring-pressed rod attached to said lever, and a spacing lever connected to said springpressed rod.

4. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a rack-bar, a lever carrying a dog a driving-pawl and a sliding rod pivoted to said lever, a coiled spring on said rod bearing at one end against an abutment and at its other end against both said lever and said pawl, and means for retracting said rod.

5. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a platen, a circular rotatory plate provided with a series of notches or slots, a soft rubber type-support attached to said plate and provided with a circular row of types arranged in line with said notches or slots above said plate, atypepresser arranged above said plate, a locking pin or projection to engage said notches or slots, and means for simultaneously moving said type-presser and said pin or projection to cause the former to press the type againstl the paper on the platen, and the latter to engage one of the said notches or slots and lock the said plate and its accessories.

6. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a platen, a circular rotatory plate having a series 0f notches or slots, a soft rubber type-support, attached to said plate, provided with a circular row of types arranged in line with said notches or slots and above said plate, a vertically-arranged pivoted plate or lever provided with a type-presser and a locking pin or projection, means for actuating said plate or lever, a carriage feed mechanism, and a connection between said plate or lever and said feed-mechanism.

7. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a platen, a circular rotatory plate, a series of notches or slots, a soft rubber typesupport attached thereto and provided with a circular series of types arranged in line with said notches or slots and above said plate, a vertically-arranged pivoted plate or lever provided on one side of its pivot or fulcrnm with both a typepresser and a locking pin or projection, a lever for actuating the said plate or lever, a carriage feed-mechanism, and an arm connected atone end to the opposite side of the pivot or fulcrum of said plate or lever, and at its other end to the said feed-mechanism.

8. In a type writing machine, the combina-A tion of a paper-carriage having a platen, a segmental rotatory plate provided with a series of notches or slots, a soft rubber typesupport attached to said plate and provided with a circular series of types arranged in line with said notches or slots and above said plate, a vertically-arranged pivoted plate or lever provided with a type-presser and a locking pin or projection on one side of its pivot or fulcruni, a printing lever connected to said plate or lever to actuate the same, an arm connected at one end to the opposite side of the fulcrurn of said plate or lever and at its opposite end to a horizontally-arranged sliding spring-actuated rod carrying at its free end a set of carriage driving and locking devices.

9. In a type Writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage having a platen and a rack-bar, a bed-plate, a slotted upright or IOC standard, a shieldattached thereto and provided witli a type-opening, the segmental rotatory notched or slotted plate, the soft rubber type-carrying band, the plate or lever provided with a type-presser and a locking pinV or projection pivoted to work in the slot of said upright vor standard, the printing lever, the arm 68 the sliding rod 26, the lever 23, the pawl 22, the dog 25 and the spring 27.

lO. In a type writing machine, the combinationwiththepaper-carriagehavingaplaten, of a stationary index plate, the journal 4l, the hub or bearing 38, the arms 37,`the segmental notched or slotted plate, the segmental soft rubber type band attached to said plate, a type-presser, means for locking the segmental-plate and type-band, an indicator connected to said hub or bearing to rotate said segment and type-carrying band, a printing lever independent of the said indicator, and intermediate means for transmitting the motion of said printing lever to the typepresser and locking means, after the indicator has been turned and the desired type brought to the printing position.

ll. In a type writing machine, the combination ofthe pivot or journal, the hub or bearing, the outwardly-extending arms, the vertically-arran ged segmental-plate, the verticallyarranged soft rubber type-carrying band attached to said plate, the horizontally arranged stationary overlying index plate, and the indicator having a finger-cup and connected directly to said hub or bearing, the type, the characters on the index plate, and the indicator all being arranged radially of the pivot or journal and in rear thereof.

l2. In a type writing machine, the combination of a papercarriage, a vertically arranged, pivoted segmental plate, a verticallyarranged soft-rubber type-carrying band attached thereto, an indicator connected to said segmental plate at the pivot of the latter and projecting rearwardly, a stationary horizontal top-plate arranged between the pivot of the segmental plate and the paper-carriage and provided on top with a segmental index or dial arranged wholly between the pivot of the indicator and the carriage, whereby the indicator is enabled to work entirely on the rear side of its pivot, thus enabling the 1inger controlling the indicator to move the same relatively to all of the characters on the index or dial while the hand is at rest, or without moving the arm.

13. In a type writing machine, the combination with a paper-carriage, a vertically-arranged, pivoted segmental plate having a vertically arranged soft-rubber type-carrying band attached thereto, a fixed top-plate arranged over said segmental plate and in rear ot' the pivot thereof, a segmental index or d ial arranged on said top-plate, an indicator pivotedconcentrically of said segmental plate and in front ot' the top-plate and working always on the rear side of its pivot, a type presser, a carriage feeding mechanism and a printing lever arranged to operate independently of the segmental plate and the indicator and adapted to actuate the said type presser and said spacing mechanism aftenthe indicator has been moved and the desired type brought thereby to the printing point.. 14. In a type writing machine, the combination with a paper-carriage, a spacing-mechanism therefor including a separate spacing key, a vertically arranged, pivoted segmental plate carrying a soft-rubber type-band, a vertically-arranged pivoted type presser, an arm 68 connecting said type presser to the spacingV mechanism, a printing lever also connected to said type presser, a top plate carrying a segmental index or dial, anda rear- Wardly projecting indicator pivoted in front of said top-plate and coincidently with the pivot of the segmental type-carrying plate. 15. In atype Writing machine, the combination with a paper-carriage, a vertically arranged, pivoted segmental plate carrying a type band and provided with a series of notches, and a vertically-arranged, pivoted plate or lever carrying a type presser and. a locking pin or projection on one side of its pivot or fulcrum, a printing lever connected to said plate or lever on the same side of the pivot or fulcrum, an arm connected at one end to the opposite side of the pivot or fulcrum of said plate or lever and at its other end to a horizontally-arranged sliding springactuated rod carrying at its rear end the carriage driving and locking devices. 16. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage havingafeed rack, the teeth of which have parallel sides and rounded bases, a spring-actuated lever arranged substantially parallel with said rack, a driving pawl pivoted at the free end of said lever, and a locking dog made integral with said lever and arranged between the said pawl and the pivot of said lever, the said IOO IIO

pawl and dog being arranged to simultaneously and normally engage the teeth ot' said rack and to each exert a force in a direction opposite to that ofthe other during a spacing movement.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 28th day of March, A. D. 1892.

LOUIS P. VALIQUET.

Witnesses:

IDAL C. MACDONALD, MARTIN COHEN.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 510,214, grnted December 5, 1893, upon the applieationfof Louis P. Valiquet, of New York, NYY., for an improvement in v Type-Writing Machines,77 an error appears-in the printed speoioaltion requiring the following correction: In lines 10ft-5, page 5, the words androunded bases should be stricken out; and that the Letters Patent should be read with thiscorreotion therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed, oountersigned, and sealed this 12th day of December, A. D. 1893.

' [SEAL] JN0. M. REYNOLDS,

A'ssistant Secretary of the Interior. n g

Countersigned JOHN S. SEYMOUR,

Commissioner of Patents. 

